korokio with a tangle of wire-like branches
- Size
- Height: 2–4 m
- Lifespan
- 50–100 years
- Diet
- Not applicable (tree)
- Habitat
- Dry, rocky sites, river terraces, coastal cliffs, and open scrub. Prefers well-drained, often poor soils with full sun. Tolerates drought, wind, and frost. Often found on limestone and other base-rich rocks.
- Range
- Found throughout New Zealand from Northland to Otago. Most common in eastern regions of both islands. Also found on the Chatham Islands. Often found in dry, rocky areas.
- Endemism
- Native
- Main Threats
- Habitat loss from land clearance is the primary threat. No significant pest or disease issues. Climate change affecting dryland habitats. Browsing by livestock and rabbits in some areas.
- Population
- Populations are considered stable and widespread. The species is common in dry, rocky areas throughout eastern New Zealand. It is not threatened by habitat loss because it grows in marginal areas unsuitable for farming. It is considered secure.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
A tangle of silver. A shrub that builds its own cage.
Korokio is a distinctive shrub or small tree with a dense, tangled network of branches. The interwoven branches create a wire-netting effect, a cage of twigs that is almost impossible to push through. The plant is a natural barrier, a living fence. A plant that does not let anything pass.
The leaves are small, silver-grey, and spoon-shaped, clustered along the branches. They are soft and felted, catching the light. The flowers are small and yellow, followed by red or yellow berries. The berries are eaten by birds, which spread the seeds across the dry landscape. A plant that feeds the birds and traps the wind.
A plant of the dry places. Korokio grows in rocky sites, on river terraces, on coastal cliffs. It thrives where the soil is thin and the sun is hot. It is extremely hardy, tolerating drought, wind, and frost. It is often the only plant on the rock. A plant that grows where nothing else can.
The name korokio refers to the tangled, interwoven branches (korio = to twist, to coil). The branches twist around each other, creating a dense thicket. The plant was used as natural fencing, and the branches provided nest sites for birds.
The wood is hard and dense. Māori used it for making small tools, chisels, and digging sticks. The wood holds a sharp edge and does not split easily.
To see a korokio is to see a plant of the edge. It grows where nothing else will grow, on the rocky slope, on the dry terrace. Its tangled branches catch the wind, its silver leaves shine in the sun.
The rock is bare. The korokio grows, tangled branches silver-grey, a cage of twigs against the sky. The wind blows. The branches catch it. The sun shines. The leaves shine back. The plant does not ask for more.
It has been here for millennia. It will be here as long as the rocks remain.