Fishermen net it. Not intentionally. But as bycatch in commercial fisheries targeting snapper and
trevally. The green sea turtle faces its greatest threat from human activity that treats the ocean as a resource rather than a habitat. Plastic bags look like jellyfish. Fishing lines look like seaweed. The ocean is a trap for a reptile that evolved without these dangers.
Chelonia mydas inhabits coastal waters, estuaries, and seagrass beds throughout tropical and subtropical regions. It prefers shallow waters where seagrass grows thickly. Unlike other sea turtles, adults are primarily herbivorous, grazing on seagrass and algae. This diet gives their fat a greenish colour, hence the name. Adults reach up to 1.5 metres in length and can weigh over 200 kilograms. Large flippers allow efficient swimming across vast distances.
Diet consists primarily of seagrass and algae. Juveniles are omnivorous, consuming jellyfish, sponges, and crustaceans before shifting to a plant-based diet as adults. This dietary shift affects their role in the ecosystem, helping to maintain healthy seagrass beds through grazing.
Breeding occurs on sandy beaches in tropical regions. Females return to their natal beaches to lay eggs, often travelling thousands of kilometres. Clutches contain over 100 eggs, incubated by sand temperature for about two months. Hatchlings emerge at night and scramble to the sea, facing immediate predation from birds and crabs.
Classified as Nationally Vulnerable in New Zealand waters, the green sea turtle is a rare visitor to northern regions. Global populations face threats from hunting, egg collection, and habitat loss. Conservation efforts focus on international cooperation to protect nesting sites and reduce bycatch. Each surviving hatchling represents a victory against overwhelming odds. The green sea turtle persists where protection is maintained. A testament to resilience in a changed ocean.