clings to the rocky coastal cliff faces
- Size
- Height: 10-30 cm, Spread: up to 50 cm
- Lifespan
- Annual or short-lived perennial
- Diet
- Not applicable - autotrophic. Photosynthetic succulent herb. Obtains nutrients from well-drained coastal soils.
- Habitat
- Coastal areas, cliffs, rocky outcrops, and open forest. Prefers well-drained soils. Tolerates salt spray and drought.
- Range
- Native to New Zealand. Found in coastal areas of the North Island and northern South Island, from Northland to Marlborough.
- Endemism
- Endemic
- Main Threats
- Coastal development and habitat loss. Climate change and sea level rise.
- Population
- Found in coastal areas of the North Island and northern South Island. Not threatened.
- Conservation Status
- data_deficient
- Human Risk
- harmless
- Handling Note
- native herb, edible leaves safe to handle
- Conservation Note
- Endemic herb; data insufficient for full threat classification.
- Assessment
- NZTCS Vascular Plants (2023)
- Te Ao Māori
- Einadia trigonos has no recognised Māori name. It may have been gathered as a green vegetable along with kōkihi. Its coastal habitat and fleshy leaves suggest it was known. If not widely used. It was a plant of the cliffs. Gathered by those who knew the rocky places. A mild green from the edge of the land.
Thick, fleshy, diamond-shaped leaves. Bright green. Succulent. They store water. Einadia trigonos is a small, sprawling herb. It is the edible-ish, less famous cousin of kōkihi.
The leaves are edible. They have a mild, slightly salty flavour. They can be eaten raw or cooked. They were likely used by Māori as a green vegetable. Records are sparse. The plant grows in coastal areas. It is often found on cliffs and rocky outcrops. It tolerates salt spray. It tolerates drought.
The stems are sprawling. They spread across the ground. The flowers are small and greenish. They are inconspicuous. The name trigonos means three-angled. This refers to the shape of the fruit. The species is native to New Zealand. It is found only here.
Einadia trigonos is not threatened. It is locally common. But coastal development reduces its habitat. This native spinach relative is a reminder. Not every edible plant is famous. Some are obscure. Some are waiting to be rediscovered.
To find native spinach relative is to walk the coastal cliffs and rocky outcrops. Look for the diamond-shaped leaves. Look for the sprawling stems. It is a plant of the exposed places. A survivor of the dry coast. A few leaves can add a mild, salty flavour to a salad. It is not as well known as NZ spinach. It does not need to be. It just needs the rock to stay dry.
The cliff is bare. The wind whips the salt spray. The Einadia hugs the rock. Fleshy leaves store every drop of moisture. It does not need much. It never has. And that seems to be enough for a plant that lives on the edge. Populations are found in coastal areas of the North Island and northern South Island. It is not threatened. Coastal development and habitat loss are threats. Climate change and sea level rise are also factors.