grows in the salty coastal beach sand
- Size
- Height: 20–50 cm
- Lifespan
- 2–3 years
- Diet
- Photosynthetic. Draws energy from sunlight. Obtains nutrients from saline or brackish soils.
- Habitat
- Sandy beaches, salt marshes, coastal cliffs and estuarine margins. Prefers saline or brackish soils with full sun. Tolerates salt spray and occasional inundation.
- Range
- Coastal areas of North and South Islands. Most common on sandy beaches, salt marshes and coastal cliffs. Also found in Australia and South Pacific.
- Endemism
- Endemic
- Main Threats
- Habitat loss from coastal development is primary threat. Climate change affecting coastal habitats and sea level rise. Competition from introduced weeds.
- Population
- Populations considered stable but localised. Species common in suitable coastal habitats. Threatened by ongoing coastal development. Protection of margins important.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
- Human Risk
- harmless
- Handling Note
- native herb, edible leaves safe to handle
- Conservation Note
- Endemic herb; widespread in coastal and wetland habitats throughout New Zealand.
- Assessment
- NZTCS Vascular Plants (2023)
- Te Ao Māori
- In Māori tradition native celery gathered from beaches and salt marshes as green vegetable. Leaves and stems eaten fresh or cooked. Strong flavour appreciated. Name Tutae Koau means shag droppings. Possibly referring to appearance of plant or where it grows near seabird colonies. Plant of coastal margins. Gathered by those who knew beaches.
Taste the air. Apium prostratum is wild relative of cultivated celery. Plant that tastes like coast. Grows on beaches and salt marshes throughout New Zealand. Leaves and stems have strong celery flavour. Can be used in cooking, soups and salads. More strongly flavoured than cultivated celery. Should be used sparingly. Important green vegetable for early Māori and European settlers. Plant that fed people who lived by sea.
Plant has finely divided, fern-like leaves. Bright green and glossy. Stems are hollow and ribbed. Similar to cultivated celery but thinner and more delicate. Small, white flowers arranged in compound umbels. Characteristic of carrot family. Flowers in summer. Producing seeds dispersed by wind and water.
Native celery grows in saline or brackish conditions that would kill most plants. Has specialised adaptations for living in coastal zone. Thick, waxy leaves reduce water loss. Salt glands excrete excess salt. Can tolerate occasional inundation by seawater. Cannot survive permanent submersion.
Species is important component of coastal ecosystems. Stabilises sand dunes and salt marshes. Preventing erosion. Roots bind soil. Foliage provides shelter for small animals.
To find native celery is to walk high tide line on sandy beach. Beach is windy. Native celery grows, fern-like and glossy. Strong celery smell in air. Leaf is picked and tasted. Flavour is strong, salt-tinged. Plant does not know it fed people. Does not know it holds dune together.
It just wants to grow where land meets water. That is where it belongs. No one told it otherwise.