colonies up in the damp open grasslands
- Size
- Height: 5–15 cm
- Lifespan
- 1–2 years
- Diet
- Photosynthetic. Draws energy from sunlight. Obtains nutrients from moist, fertile soils.
- Habitat
- Damp grassland, forest margins, stream banks and coastal areas. Prefers moist, fertile soils with partial shade. Often forms small colonies in open, damp sites.
- Range
- Throughout New Zealand from Northland to Stewart Island. Most common in damp, open areas. Also found on Chatham Islands and subantarctic islands.
- Endemism
- Endemic
- Main Threats
- Habitat loss from land clearance is primary threat. Competition from introduced weeds. Climate change affecting wetland habitats.
- Population
- Populations considered stable and widespread. Species common in damp areas throughout New Zealand. Threatened by competition from introduced weeds.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
- Human Risk
- harmless
- Handling Note
- native herb, safe to handle
- Conservation Note
- Endemic herb; widespread in damp forests and shaded habitats throughout New Zealand.
- Assessment
- NZTCS Vascular Plants (2023)
- Te Ao Māori
- In Māori tradition native bittercress used as green vegetable. Peppery leaves eaten fresh. Plant also used medicinally. Sharp flavour appreciated. Small size meant gathered in quantities. Known as sign of healthy, damp soils. Plant of stream banks. Gathered by those who knew water's edge.
It is not rare. Cardamine corymbosa is small, rosette-forming herb. Divided leaves have sharp, peppery, cress-like flavour. Leaves can be used in salads, sandwiches and as garnish. Grows in damp, open areas throughout New Zealand. Native relative of introduced weedy cresses.
Leaves arranged in basal rosette. Several pairs of leaflets. Leaflets lobed or toothed. Giving leaf feathery appearance. Small, white flowers arranged in clusters at tips of stems. Appear in spring and summer. Followed by slender seed pods that split open explosively when ripe. Scattering seeds.
Native bittercress prefers damp, open sites with partial shade. Grows along stream banks, in damp grassland, and at margins of forests. Tolerates seasonal flooding but cannot survive prolonged drought. Plant completes life cycle quickly. Producing seeds within few months of germination.
Species is native to New Zealand, Chatham Islands, and subantarctic islands. Also found in Australia. Common plant of damp, disturbed areas. Often appearing in gardens and on roadsides.
To find native bittercress is to search damp margins of streams and forests. Look for small rosette of divided leaves. Clusters of white flowers. Explosive seed pods. Humble plant but useful. Handful of leaves can add peppery kick to salad or sandwich. Cress of damp places. Peppery green of stream bank. No one told it otherwise.