kirks coprosma of forest margins with small glossy leaves
- Size
- Height: 0.5–1 m, Spread: 1–2 m, spreading ground cover
- Lifespan
- 10–20 years
- Diet
- Not applicable (shrub). Photosynthetic.
- Habitat
- Coastal cliffs, sand dunes, rocky areas and open scrub. Prefers well-drained, often poor soils with full sun. Tolerates salt spray, wind and drought.
- Range
- North Island from Northland to Wellington. Most common in coastal and lowland areas. Restricted to the North Island. Endemic to New Zealand.
- Endemism
- Endemic
- Main Threats
- Habitat loss from coastal development is the primary threat. Climate change affecting coastal habitats. No significant pest or disease issues. Protection of coastal margins is important for survival.
- Population
- Populations are considered stable but localised. The species is common in coastal areas of the North Island. It is threatened by ongoing coastal development. Protection of coastal margins is important.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
A low, spreading shrub that makes excellent ground cover for exposed coastal sites. A plant that hugs the ground.
It has small, glossy, dark green leaves that are crowded along the stems, creating a dense, almost impenetrable mat. The leaves are oval-shaped, up to 1 centimetre long, with a smooth, shiny surface that reflects the sunlight. The stems are slender and wiry, branching frequently to form a dense, twiggy network that hugs the ground. A plant that does not let the wind through.
The plant produces masses of small white flowers in spring. The flowers are inconspicuous individually but noticeable in aggregate, covering the shrub in a pale cream blanket. They are followed by bright red berries that are a valuable food source for native birds. The berries are small, round, and glossy, appearing in autumn and persisting into winter.
Kirk's Coprosma is extremely hardy, tolerating salt spray, wind and drought. It grows on coastal cliffs, sand dunes, and rocky areas where few other plants can survive. The dense, spreading growth helps stabilise the soil, preventing erosion. The roots go deep into the sand or cliff face, anchoring the plant against the wind.
The species is named after botanist Thomas Kirk (1828-1898), who made significant contributions to New Zealand botany.
To find Kirk's Coprosma is to walk the coastal cliffs of the North Island. The coastal cliff is bare. The coprosma spreads, glossy leaves dark green, red berries bright. The wind blows. The plant holds on. It does not know it is named after a botanist.
It just wants to hold the cliff together. The dense growth provides shelter for small birds and lizards. That is its job.