haematomma lichen with blood-red fruiting discs on pale bark

Size
Width: 2–10 cm
Lifespan
10–50 years
Diet
Grows on bark of trees, rocks, and wood in open, sunny locations. Requires clean air, stable bark surfaces, and good light. Tolerates sun, wind, and moderate drought. Prefers rough bark of native and introduced trees in open, exposed sites.
Habitat
Grows on bark of trees, rocks, and wood in open, sunny locations. Forms pale grey to whitish crust with occasional red hints.
Range
Found throughout the North and South Islands on bark of native and introduced trees, rocks, and wood in open, sunny locations. Most common on rough bark of trees in urban and rural areas. Also found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide.
Endemism
Native
Main Threats
None significant. This species is common and widespread in open, sunny locations. Localised threats include removal of old trees, air pollution, and bark disturbance. Classified as Not Threatened, with healthy populations on bark of trees throughout New Zealand in clean-air areas.
Population
Not Threatened. Haematomma lichen is common and widespread in New Zealand, particularly on the bark of native and introduced trees in open, sunny locations. It also grows on rocks and wood.
Conservation Status
Not Threatened
The one that looks like it is blushing has a body that is a thin, crusty layer that grows on the surface of the bark or rock, forming a pale greyish-white to off-white patch. The crust is smooth and even, like a coat of pale paint. But if you look closely, you may see hints of red, a pinkish or reddish-orange tint that seems to glow from within. It is the lichen of the hidden colour, the one that looks like something is trying to show through, the one that makes you lean in closer. What makes it special is the hint of red. Haematomma lichen is one of the few lichens in New Zealand with a reddish tint. The colour comes from a pigment that is sometimes present in the fruiting bodies or in the crust itself. The red is not always visible. It appears only in certain light, at certain times of the year, on certain specimens. It is the lichen of the shy blush, the one that reveals its colour only when it is ready, the one that keeps you guessing. The haematomma lichen is a crustose lichen, meaning it grows flat on the bark or rock, like a crust of paint, rather than upright or leafy. Its body is a smooth, continuous crust, often forming circular patches or irregular stains. The fruiting bodies (apothecia) are pale pinkish to reddish-orange, often with a raised, paler rim. Under a hand lens, the apothecia are beautiful, tiny discs with a powdery surface. Biologically, the haematomma lichen is a partnership, a fungus and an alga living together. The fungus provides structure and protection. The alga provides food through photosynthesis. The apothecia are the spore-producing structures, releasing spores into the air. To find haematomma lichen is to find the pale patch with a hint of red. It is pale, crusty, and blushing, a living secret on the bark. You have to look closely. You have to catch it in the right light. You have to be patient. It is the lichen of the hidden colour, the one that looks like something is trying to show through, the one that proves that the most beautiful things are often the most subtle.