the low-growing coprosma of NZ's subalpine rock fields
- Size
- Height: 0.1–0.3 m, Spread: 1–2 m, prostrate spreading
- Lifespan
- 10–20 years
- Diet
- Not applicable (shrub). Photosynthetic.
- Habitat
- Coastal cliffs, sand dunes, rocky areas and open scrub. Prefers well-drained, often poor soils with full sun. Tolerates salt spray, wind and drought.
- Range
- Throughout New Zealand from Northland to Stewart Island. Most common in coastal and lowland areas. Widespread in open habitats. Endemic to New Zealand.
- Endemism
- Endemic
- Main Threats
- Habitat loss from coastal development is the primary threat. Climate change affecting coastal habitats. No significant pest or disease issues. Protection of coastal margins is important for survival.
- Population
- Populations are considered stable but localised. The species is common in coastal areas throughout New Zealand. It is threatened by ongoing coastal development. Protection of coastal margins is important.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
A prostrate, spreading shrub that makes excellent groundcover for exposed coastal sites. A plant that hugs the ground for protection.
It has small, glossy, dark green leaves that are densely packed along the stems. The leaves are oval-shaped, up to 1 centimetre long, with a smooth, shiny surface. The stems are slender and wiry, branching to form a dense, mat-forming shrub that hugs the ground. A plant that stays low to survive.
The plant produces small white flowers in spring. The flowers are inconspicuous individually but noticeable in aggregate, covering the shrub in a pale cream blanket. They are followed by bright red or orange berries that are a valuable food source for native birds. The berries are small, round, and glossy, appearing in autumn and persisting into winter. A plant that feeds the birds.
Creeping Coprosma is extremely hardy, tolerating salt spray, wind and drought. It grows on coastal cliffs, sand dunes, and rocky areas where few other plants can survive. The dense, prostrate growth helps stabilise the soil, preventing erosion. The roots go deep into the sand or cliff face, anchoring the plant against the wind.
The species is an important sand binder in coastal dunes. Its dense mat holds the sand together, preventing wind erosion. The berries provide food for birds, which disperse the seeds across the dune system.
To find Creeping Coprosma is to walk the coastal cliffs and sand dunes. The cliff is windy. The coprosma spreads, low and dense, glossy leaves green against the grey rock. The wind blows. The plant does not move. It hugs the ground.
That is how it survives.