grazes the intertidal reef rocks

Size
Shell: 3–6 cm
Lifespan
5–10 years
Diet
Herbivorous: grazes on algae and microscopic plant matter growing on rocky shores. Uses rasping radula to scrape algae off rocks, leaving characteristic grazing marks on surface.
Habitat
Rocky shores and intertidal reefs throughout New Zealand. Most common in North Island, grazing on algae that grows on rocks, sheltering in crevices during low tide.
Range
Throughout North Island and northern South Island on rocky shores and intertidal reefs. Most common around Northland, Auckland, Coromandel and Bay of Plenty.
Endemism
Endemic
Main Threats
Habitat loss from coastal development and pollution. Over-harvesting for shells and food. Populations stable but vulnerable to localised collection pressure.
Population
Not Threatened. Common on rocky shores throughout North Island and northern South Island. Thick, hard shells protect them from waves and hungry oystercatchers.
Conservation Status
Not Threatened
The smooth, green, dome-shaped snail of the rocky shore. The cat's eye has a thick, heavy shell that is a beautiful, polished green on the outside, often with darker, zigzag bands. The inside of the shell is a pearly, white-grey with a distinctive, dark brown, cat's-eye shaped operculum, the hard, plate-like door that the snail uses to seal itself into its shell. This is where the name comes from. These animals are the grazers of the intertidal rocks. They crawl slowly across the rocks at high tide, using their rasping, tongue-like radula to scrape algae off the surface. When the tide goes out, they seal themselves into their shells with that hard, cat's-eye operculum, holding in a few drops of water to keep their gills moist until the tide returns. They are the snails of the rock pool, the ones you see clinging to the rocks when exploring the shore at low tide. The life cycle of the cat's eye is slow and steady. They are broadcast spawners, releasing eggs and sperm into the water column where fertilisation occurs. The resulting larvae drift with the currents for weeks before settling onto a rocky surface and metamorphosing into tiny snails. Young cat's eyes are paler and lack the full pattern of their parents. They grow slowly, adding layers of shell material over years, the green colour deepening with age. A large, fully grown cat's eye may be decades old. Thick, hard shells protect them from waves and hungry oystercatchers. To see a cat's eye is to see a living jewel. A smooth, green, dome-shaped snail with a pearl inside, a treasure of the rocky shore. Not threatened, cat's eyes are common on rocky shores throughout the North Island and the northern South Island. Most common around Northland, Auckland, Coromandel and Bay of Plenty. The pūpū-tangata is the Māori name for the cat's eye snail, recognising its distinctive, eye-like operculum. The shells were used as jewellery and as the eyes for carved wooden figures, giving the carvings a lifelike, gleaming gaze. Today, the cat's eye is the snail of the rock pool, admired by children and collected for its beautiful, polished shell.