garden centipede hunting through the top layer of soil
- Size
- Body: 2–4 cm
- Lifespan
- 2–5 years
- Diet
- Predatory: feeds on spiders, cockroaches, silverfish and other small arthropods. Uses its speed and venomous claws to subdue prey.
- Habitat
- Houses, sheds, garages and damp garden corners. The speed demons of the arthropod world, hunting spiders and cockroaches indoors.
- Range
- Throughout North and South Islands in homes, gardens and damp sheltered areas. Most common in urban and suburban environments with warm, humid conditions.
- Endemism
- Introduced
- Main Threats
- None. This introduced species is widespread and common. Beneficial as a predator of household pests, though its appearance often frightens residents.
- Population
- Originally from the Mediterranean, now common worldwide including New Zealand. Beneficial predators that control household pests, though their appearance often frightens residents.
- Conservation Status
- Introduced
The terrifying ally of the home. A centipede that is ugly but helpful.
With its long, spindly legs, rapid movements and alien appearance, the house centipede sends shivers down the spine of anyone who spots it scuttling across the bathroom floor. Yet, despite its nightmare fuel aesthetics, it is one of the best roommates that could be asked for. A centipede that is a friend in disguise.
It is a fierce predator that hunts spiders, silverfish, cockroaches and bed bugs, using its speed to outrun and overpower prey that other predators cannot catch. It possesses venom, delivered through modified front legs called forcipules, but it is too weak to harm humans significantly, comparable to a mild bee sting. They rarely bite unless crushed.
They are nocturnal hunters, relying on their incredibly long antennae to sense vibrations and air currents. Their eyes are complex and sensitive, allowing them to see in low light. They prefer damp, cool environments, which is why they congregate in bathrooms and basements.
The house centipede can live for several years, which is exceptionally long for an arthropod of its size. Females lay their eggs in damp soil or crevices, and the young hatch with only four pairs of legs, adding more as they grow through successive moults.
While many people instinctively reach for the shoe, sparing a centipede means having a free, organic pest control agent on patrol. The bathroom floor is damp. The house centipede darts across the tiles, long legs blurring, alien and fast. A cockroach scuttles. The centipede catches it. The cockroach is eaten. The centipede does not know it is a terrifying ally. It does not know it is a friend.
It just wants to eat cockroaches. Beneath the scary exterior lies a helpful, efficient hunter. The house centipede is proof.