scavenges in the garden at dusk

Size
Body: 1–2 cm
Lifespan
1–2 years
Diet
Omnivorous: feeds on plant material, aphids, small insects and decaying organic matter. Eats seedlings and fruit but also controls aphid populations.
Habitat
Gardens, under bark, rocks and in compost heaps. The night scavengers, hiding in dark crevices during the day and emerging to forage at dusk.
Range
Throughout North and South Islands in gardens, parks and agricultural areas. Most common in lowland regions with moist, sheltered conditions.
Endemism
Introduced
Main Threats
None. This introduced species is widespread and common. Faces no major threats and is considered a garden pest and predator rather than a conservation concern.
Population
Originally from Europe, Asia and North Africa, now widespread in New Zealand. Often considered a garden pest due to appetite for seedlings and fruit. They also eat aphids and decaying matter.
Conservation Status
Introduced
Human Risk
caution
Handling Note
introduced earwig, pincers can pinch if handled
Conservation Note
Introduced insect; common garden pest not subject to conservation assessment.
Te Ao Māori
As an introduced species, the Earwig has no traditional place in Māori mythology. The name Ngārara-taringa (ear creature) is a literal translation of the European folk name. It was adopted descriptively. In the modern garden, it represents the ambiguous nature of introduced species. Sometimes a pest. Sometimes a helper. Always a survivor in the cracks of our cultivated landscapes.
The armoured tank of the garden underworld. An insect with pincers and a bad reputation. Flat, reddish-brown and equipped with a formidable pair of pincers called cerci at the rear of its abdomen. The common earwig looks far more dangerous than it really is. These pincers are used for defence. They capture prey. They fold delicate wings under short wing covers. An insect that looks scary but is not. Despite the old myth that they crawl into human ears, they have no interest in humans whatsoever. They prefer the damp darkness under a flower pot or a rotting log. They are devoted mothers. This is a rarity in the insect world. A female earwig will lay a clutch of eggs in a burrow. She guards them fiercely. She cleans them to prevent fungus. She moves them to safer locations if disturbed. She stays with the nymphs after they hatch. She protects them until they are old enough to fend for themselves. This maternal care significantly increases their survival rate in the harsh environment of the soil. Their diet is opportunistic. They will chew holes in soft fruits like peaches and strawberries. They damage delicate seedlings. This earns them the ire of gardeners. However, they are also predators. They feed on aphids, mites and other soft-bodied pests. They are a complex mix of friend and foe. The garden is damp. The earwig scuttles under a flower pot. Pincers are raised. Flat and reddish-brown. It does not know it is a devoted mother. It does not know it has a bad reputation. It just wants to eat a slug. The old myth is not true. The earwig does not care about ears. It cares about aphids.