cellar spider hanging in a loose tangle near the ceiling

Size
Length: 0.5–1 cm
Lifespan
2–3 years
Diet
Predatory. Feeds on other spiders, including venomous species like redbacks, and small insects. Known to invade webs and eat the resident spider.
Habitat
Dry, shaded corners of ceilings, behind bathroom doors, in garages, and in cellars. Builds loose, irregular webs to catch prey as property managers of the human world.
Range
Found throughout the North and South Islands in human dwellings, particularly in houses, garages, sheds, and commercial buildings in urban and suburban areas.
Endemism
Introduced
Main Threats
None. This introduced species is widespread and abundant. It faces no threats and is generally welcomed in homes for its pest-control abilities.
Population
Originally from Europe, they followed human migration to New Zealand in the 19th century. They are now one of the most widely distributed spiders in the country.
Conservation Status
Not Threatened
The minimalist sculptor of the New Zealand household is a master of vibratory defence and indoor predation. Their anatomy is defined by absurdly elongated, thread-like limbs and a tiny, pale body that functions as a high-tech rice-grain silhouette. While appearing delicate enough to be disassembled by a light breeze, these residents are elite hunters. They eschew geometric webs for messy, irregular tangle-webs that act as lethal obstacle courses for wandering insects. When threatened, they perform a rapid whirling or shimmering motion, spinning their bodies into a blur that renders them mechanically impossible for a predator to pin down. That vibrant pulse represents domestic stability, proving that the corners of our homes are guarded by a silent, effective security system. The female carries her cluster of transparent eggs within her jaws, guarded by a thin silk net until they hatch into miniature spindly versions of the adults. Functioning as unsung janitors, they are particularly adept at hunting much larger and more dangerous spiders, including white-tails and redbacks. That effectively thins out the pests that homeowners actually care about. They embody the idea of the permanent flatmate, illustrating how a familiar stranger can provide a massive environmental service entirely free of charge. Their presence indicates dry-dwelling health, proving that a settled house is one where the corners are patrolled by a biological deterrent. The daddy longlegs has been the subject of one of the most persistent urban legends in New Zealand. The myth claims that their venom is incredibly toxic but their fangs are too small to bite humans. Neither part is true. Their venom is unremarkable by spider standards, and their fangs can indeed pierce human skin, though they almost never bother. A bite feels like a mild pinprick and produces no lasting effects. The legend likely began because these spiders regularly kill and eat redbacks, which are genuinely dangerous. People assumed that anything capable of killing a redback must be even more dangerous. In reality, the daddy longlegs wins through technique, not toxicity. They use their long legs to hold a redback at a safe distance while they wrap it in silk, keeping those infamous fangs far away from their own body. These spiders are also masters of adaptation to human environments. They prefer temperatures between eighteen and twenty-five degrees Celsius, which matches most heated homes. They can survive for months without food, making them resilient to the lean times when flies are scarce. Their webs are not sticky like an orb-weaver's. Instead, they are chaotic tangles that disorient and entangle prey. When an insect blunders in, the daddy longlegs rushes over, wraps it up, and delivers a bite that liquefies the insides. The whole operation takes seconds. Not bad for a creature that looks like it might fall apart in a stiff breeze.