hides its web under the beech leaves
- Size
- Cap: 20-40 mm diam.
- Lifespan
- Unknown
- Diet
- Mycorrhizal, forming symbiotic relationships with southern beech trees.
- Habitat
- Under southern beech trees in damp, mossy native forest.
- Range
- Endemic to New Zealand, found in beech forests of the South Island and lower North Island.
- Endemism
- Native
- Main Threats
- Habitat disturbance from logging, fire, or heavy grazing affecting soil moisture.
- Population
- Common in wet beech forests throughout the South Island.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
The cap is a study in inconsistency. It ranges from violet to brown, from ochre to grey. No two specimens look exactly alike. This variability is not a defect. It is a strategy. By refusing a single, defining colour, the Variable Webcap avoids easy classification. It blends into the leaf litter, whatever the season. It is convex, dry, and often slightly scaly at the centre. The margins may fade with age, but the centre remains dark. It is a fungus that refuses to be pinned down.
The gills are attached to the stem. They start as a pale violet, a colour that is difficult to see against the muted cap. As the spores mature, they turn a rusty brown, coating the surrounding moss in a fine dust. The stem is slender, fibrous, and coloured like the cap. In young specimens, a delicate web of fibres—the cortina—stretches from the stem to the cap edge. It protects the developing gills, then tears and disappears, leaving no trace.
This fungus forms a symbiotic relationship with southern beech trees, particularly silver and red beech. The hyphae extend into the soil, gathering water and nutrients that the tree cannot reach. In exchange, the tree provides sugars produced by photosynthesis. It is a quiet trade, essential for the health of the forest. Without these fungi, the beech trees would struggle. The soil would be less fertile. The forest would be poorer.
Variable Webcaps are found in damp, mossy areas under beech canopy. They fruit in autumn, often in small clusters. They are not edible. Like many cortinarious fungi, they contain toxins that can cause severe gastrointestinal distress. They are best left alone. Their beauty is in their ambiguity, not their flavour.
Threats are minimal. The species is stable in its preferred habitat. However, it is sensitive to changes in moisture and soil structure. Logging, fire, or heavy grazing can disrupt the delicate mycelial networks beneath the forest floor. Recovery is slow. The fungi wait for the conditions to return. They do not rush. It carries on.