the jelly ear fungus growing on NZ rangiora
- Size
- Width: 3–8 cm
- Lifespan
- 1 years
- Diet
- Saprotrophic: feeds on dead wood of native and introduced trees. Grows on fallen branches logs and standing deadwood particularly on elder mahoe and other soft-barked trees.
- Habitat
- Grows on dead and decaying wood. Forms ear-shaped gelatinous dark brown to blackish-brown fruiting bodies with velvety upper surface. When dry shrivels to brittle crust when wet rehydrates.
- Range
- Throughout North and South Islands on dead wood in native forests scrublands and urban gardens. Most common in lowland areas with high rainfall. Found worldwide.
- Endemism
- Native
- Main Threats
- None significant. This species is common and widespread. Thrives in disturbed habitats and has benefited from human activity colonising dead wood in gardens and parks.
- Population
- A common jelly fungus on dead wood throughout New Zealand. Ear-shaped gelatinous fruiting body shrivels when dry and expands when wet. Edible but tougher than cultivated Asian relatives.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
It acts as the shape-shifter of the forest floor. The Rangiora fungus is defined by a texture that defies expectations. The fruiting body is a translucent, gelatinous blob. It ranges from dark brown to blackish-brown. The shape resembles a human ear or crumpled leather. It can grow up to eight centimetres across. It clings to dead branches and fallen logs. It looks like a discarded prop from a horror movie. The visual impact is unsettling. The texture confirms the unease.
Touch it and you will understand. It is not crisp like a typical mushroom. It is not woody like a bracket fungus. It is soft. It is almost squishy. The texture is gelatinous and cartilage-like. It feels disturbingly like a real ear. When wet, it is plump and flexible. It wobbles slightly when poked. When dry, it shrivels to a hard, brittle crust. It looks like burnt potato chips. It clings to the wood until the next rain. Then it comes back to life. The transformation is rapid. The resilience is total.
Biologically, the Rangiora fungus specialises in revival. Its cells are surrounded by a gelatinous sheath. This sheath absorbs and holds large amounts of water. It allows the fungus to survive long dry spells without damage. When the rain comes, the dried crust rehydrates. It happens in hours. The fungus expands back to its full size. It resumes spore production as if nothing happened. This ability to bounce back from the dead makes it one of the most resilient fungi in the forest. The survival strategy is effective. The mechanism is simple.
There is a quiet culinary secret. It is edible. In China and Japan, close relatives are cultivated. They are sold as a delicacy known as wood ear or black fungus. The New Zealand version is tougher. It is less flavoursome than its Asian cousin. But it is perfectly edible. It adds a unique, crunchy-gelatinous texture to soups and stir-fries. You just have to get past the appearance. It looks like something from a horror film. The taste does not match the look. The texture is the main feature.
To find a Rangiora fungus is to find an unusual resident. It is not beautiful. It is not majestic. It is a soft, squishy, ear-shaped blob on a dead stick. It waits for the rain to bring it back to life. That is its magic. It is the fungus that refuses to die. It is the survivor that bounces back from every drought. It is the shape-shifter. It reminds us that even the strangest things in the bush have a purpose. And a place. It carries on.