- Size
- Microscopic.
- Lifespan
- Unknown
- Diet
- Parasitic, infecting and consuming various insects.
- Habitat
- In soil and on insects in diverse habitats.
- Range
- Found in soils and on insects throughout New Zealand.
- Endemism
- Not endemic
- Main Threats
- Sensitive to UV radiation and dry conditions; otherwise stable.
- Population
- Widespread and common in soils and insect populations throughout New Zealand.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
First described in Italy in 1835, this fungus was named after the entomologist Agostino Bassi. It is not a plant. It is not an animal. It is a silent hunter, drifting through the air as microscopic spores. When a spore lands on an insect, it germinates. It penetrates the exoskeleton, growing inside the host. The insect dies, but its body remains intact, covered in a white, powdery coating of fungal spores. This is not decay. It is reproduction. The fungus uses the insect as a factory, producing millions of new spores to infect others.
Threats are minimal. The species is widespread and common. In fact, it is often encouraged in agricultural systems as a biological control agent. It targets pests such as aphids, whiteflies, and beetles, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. However, it is sensitive to environmental conditions. High humidity favours its growth, while dry conditions suppress it. UV radiation can kill spores on exposed surfaces. It thrives in the sheltered microclimates of the forest floor and the dense foliage of crops.
The NZ Entomopathogen is found throughout New Zealand, wherever insects and suitable moisture levels exist. It is not picky about its host, infecting a wide range of arthropods. Its presence is a sign of a healthy, functioning ecosystem. Where it grows, the balance between predator and prey is maintained. It is an indicator species, a biological signal that the soil is alive with activity.
This fungus is parasitic. It does not decompose dead wood or leaf litter. Instead, it feeds on living tissue, specifically the bodies of insects. In doing so, it regulates insect populations. It is a natural check on abundance. Without it, pest numbers might surge, affecting the plants they feed on. The fungus is specific in its method, but general in its target. It does not attack humans. It does not attack vertebrates. It is a specialist in the art of infiltration.
The white powder that covers the dead insect is the fruiting body. It is not a mushroom. It is a mass of conidiophores, structures that produce and release spores. These spores are carried by the wind to new hosts, starting the cycle anew. The fungus does not rush. It waits for the right host, the right conditions. It carries on.