fruits under the southern beech trees
- Size
- Cap: 20-40 mm diam.
- Lifespan
- Unknown
- Diet
- Mycorrhizal, forming symbiotic relationships with southern beech trees such as silver and red beech.
- Habitat
- Under southern beech trees in damp, mossy native forest with high humidity and rich leaf litter.
- Range
- Endemic to New Zealand, found in beech forests of the South Island and lower North Island.
- Endemism
- Native
- Main Threats
- Habitat disturbance from logging, fire, or heavy grazing affecting soil moisture and mycelial networks.
- Population
- Common in wet beech forests throughout the South Island and lower North Island in autumn.
- Conservation Status
- Not Threatened
It is not cinnamon. The name is a misnomer, a relic of early European taxonomy that failed to capture the nuance of New Zealand fungi. The cap is not the warm, reddish-brown of spice. It is a dull, earthy yellow-ochre, sometimes tinged with olive. It is convex, dry, and often slightly scaly at the centre. It does not smell of baking. It smells of damp earth and decay. This is not a criticism. It is a correction.
The gills are attached to the stem. They start as a pale violet, a colour that is difficult to see against the bright cap. As the spores mature, they turn a rusty brown, coating the surrounding moss in a fine dust. The stem is slender, fibrous, and coloured like the cap, though it may be streaked with lighter fibres. In young specimens, a delicate web of cottony threads—the cortina—stretches from the stem to the cap edge. It protects the developing gills, then tears and vanishes, leaving no trace.
This fungus forms a symbiotic relationship with southern beech trees, particularly silver and red beech. The hyphae extend into the soil, gathering water and nutrients that the tree cannot reach. In exchange, the tree provides sugars produced by photosynthesis. It is a quiet trade, essential for the health of the forest. Without these fungi, the beech trees would struggle. The soil would be less fertile. The forest would be poorer.
Cinnamon Webcaps are found in damp, mossy areas under beech canopy. They fruit in autumn, often in small clusters. They are not edible. Like many cortinarious fungi, they contain toxins that can cause severe gastrointestinal distress. They are best left alone. Their beauty is in their subtlety, not their flavour.
Threats are minimal. The species is stable in its preferred habitat. However, it is sensitive to changes in moisture and soil structure. Logging, fire, or heavy grazing can disrupt the delicate mycelial networks beneath the forest floor. Recovery is slow. The fungi wait for the conditions to return. They do not rush. It carries on.