largest bony fish, drifts like a door

Size
Length: 150–250 cm, Weight: 500–1000 kg
Lifespan
10–15 years
Diet
Feeds on jellyfish, salps, squid and small crustaceans. Lives in open ocean, often seen floating at surface lying on side. Strange drifter following warm currents and jellyfish blooms.
Habitat
Inhabits the open ocean. Often seen floating at surface, lying on side like giant silver pancake. Strange drifter following warm currents and jellyfish blooms in pelagic environments.
Range
Found worldwide. In New Zealand, present in open ocean waters throughout country. Most common in northern waters during summer months. Distributed across temperate and tropical zones.
Endemism
Native
Main Threats
Bycatch in drift nets and longlines is primary threat, with large numbers caught accidentally. Plastic ingestion, ship strikes and climate change affecting jellyfish populations also impact species.
Population
Not Threatened, though often caught as bycatch in drift nets and longlines. Strange appearance and enormous size make them memorable sight. Populations considered stable globally despite local pressures.
Conservation Status
Not Threatened
It looks like someone designed a fish, got halfway through and gave up. The sunfish is a massive flattened oval. It resembles a silver dinner plate stood on its edge. There is no tail. No scales. No ribs. The thing at the back is not a tail at all. It is a frilly leathery flap called a clavus. It acts like a rudder. The dorsal and anal fins are tall and floppy. The mouth is a small parrot-like beak. It is the weirdest fish in the sea. It floats at the surface lying on its side. It looks for all the world like a sick fish that is about to die. The appearance is deceptive. The posture is intentional. But the sunfish is not sick. It is sunning itself. After deep dives into cold water, it returns to the surface to warm up. It lies on its side to maximise exposure to the sun. Hence the name. The behaviour is thermoregulatory. The strategy is simple. The result is effective. It is a jellyfish specialist. It eats salps, squid and small crustaceans. Anything soft that floats into its path is consumed. The parrot-like beak crunches through gelatinous bodies with surprising efficiency. The diet is specialised. The method is passive. The intake is constant. The sunfish is also the most fecund vertebrate on Earth. A single female can release up to three hundred million eggs at a time. Three hundred million. Most will be eaten. A few will survive. They become the weird wobbly giants that drift through New Zealand waters in summer. They follow warm currents and jellyfish blooms. The reproductive output is staggering. The survival rate is low. The species persists regardless. The numbers ensure continuity. The odds are beaten by volume. To see a sunfish is to see a living puzzle. It floats past the boat, lying on its side, looking dead. Then it rights itself and swims away. It leaves you wondering if you imagined the whole thing. A weird wobbly wonderful reminder that the ocean is full of surprises. Not all of them fit into neat categories. The sunfish does not care if you understand it. It just drifts. It suns itself. It eats jellyfish. It produces three hundred million eggs. That is its whole deal. The indifference is total. The existence is singular. The encounter is rare. The memory is lasting. It carries on in the open water. Unseen by the casual observer. But prized by those who know. It remains in the blue. A testament to the intact ocean. A relic of the wild deep. It waits for the current. Or it does not. The choice is random. The outcome is certain. The fish persists. It moves through the water. Unaware of the confusion. Unconcerned with the classification. Focused on survival. And the next meal. In the warm, bright expanse. Where it belongs. The sunfish endures. A symbol of the strange harvest. A staple of the unusual sight. It carries on.