walks on pectoral fins across the seabed

Size
Length: 30–50 cm, Weight: 0.5–2 kg
Lifespan
10–15 years
Diet
Small fish, crustaceans and worms. Lives on open, sandy and muddy flats from the shallows down to 150 metres. A sandy bottom cruiser, using its pectoral fin rays to tickle the bottom and scare up prey.
Habitat
Sandy and muddy flats from the shallows down to about 150 metres. From the Hauraki Gulf to the Canterbury Bight, if there is a sandy patch, a gurnard is probably hovering over it, tickling the bottom with its fancy fingers.
Range
Throughout the North and South Islands on open, sandy and muddy flats. Most common in shallow to moderate depths from the Hauraki Gulf to the Canterbury Bight. Also found in Australia, Asia and Europe.
Endemism
Native
Main Threats
Commercial bottom trawling is the primary threat, with large numbers caught as bycatch in flatfish and snapper fisheries. Recreational overfishing. Habitat loss from bottom trawling.
Population
Not Threatened, but heavily targeted by commercial trawlers and recreational anglers. One of the few fish that have held their own against fishing pressure, thanks to ridiculous breeding output and willingness to live just about anywhere sandy.
Conservation Status
Not Threatened
The weird uncle of the fish family. You can spot a gurnard instantly by its oversized, wing-like pectoral fins. It spreads them out like a flamenco dancer. But the real party trick is the fingers. The bottom three rays of those fins are free and separate. The gurnard uses them to walk along the seafloor. It tickles the sand to flush out buried crabs, shrimp and worms. It looks like a fish trying to play the piano. Bottom-feeders with a grumpy face and a bright attitude. The body is dusty pinkish-red on top. This fades to a creamy white belly. A striking iridescent blue edge marks those massive fins. A bony, armoured head with sharp spines makes them a nightmare to handle if you have soft hands. They grunt when pulled from the water. This is a loud croaking noise made by vibrating the swim bladder against the spine. The old-timers call them the grunting fish. They are greedy and fast-growing. A female can release millions of eggs in a single season. She floats them up into the current like little confetti. This boom-or-bust strategy means that even when fishing pressure is high, there are usually a few survivors left to repopulate the bay. To cook a gurnard is to cook the taste of the sandy bottom. The fillets are firm and pinkish-white. They hold together in the pan. They taste as sweet as snapper, but at half the price. It is the smart shopper's fish. It is the one you buy when snapper is too expensive. You want to feel smug about your bargain. In Māori tradition, the Kumukumu was a familiar sight to fishermen working the sandy harbours and sheltered bays. Its name is onomatopoeic. It sounds like the grunting noise the fish makes when lifted from the water. They were caught using nets and lines. The firm flesh was often dried or smoked. Today the gurnard remains the smart shopper's fish. It is the one you buy when snapper is too expensive. You want to feel smug about your bargain.