Photosynthesis drives it. Not consumption. The mountain kiokio obtains energy from sunlight and nutrients from soil via shallow root systems. This autotrophic lifestyle allows it to thrive in nutrient-poor alpine soils where other plants struggle. It reaches about 40 centimetres in height with narrow lance-shaped fronds that grow in tight clumps. The species inhabits cool moist conditions in montane to subalpine forests and scrub. It prefers well-drained soils where water does not stagnate. Unlike lowland ferns that require constant moisture this species can tolerate brief dry periods. Fronds are evergreen persisting through winter snows and summer droughts. Spores are produced on the underside of fertile fronds in continuous lines along the midrib. These spores are released into the air drifting on wind currents until they land on suitable substrate. Classified as Not Threatened mountain kiokio remains widespread throughout the South Island and lower North Island. Populations are stable in suitable habitat. However the species is sensitive to habitat disturbance. When forests are logged or modified populations decline rapidly. Its presence signals intact montane ecosystems and suitable moisture levels. Conservation efforts focus on protecting remaining native forests from logging and development to maintain these critical high-altitude habitats.