spider that spanned a dinner plate easily

Size
Length: 12–15 cm
Lifespan
2–5 years
Diet
Predatory – hunted on foot, stalking insects and small invertebrates through the dark. A spider built for scale – longer-legged, heavier-bodied, more terrifying than anything that still skitters through our remaining bush. Did not build a web to catch prey. Hunted like a tiny armoured tiger, a silent predator with eight eyes and a venomous bite.
Habitat
Kauri groves of Northland, podocarp forests of central North Island, and beech forests of the south. A spider built for scale – longer-legged, heavier-bodied, more terrifying than anything that still skitters through our remaining bush. Did not build a web to catch prey. Hunted on foot, stalking insects and small invertebrates through the dark.
Range
Found in kauri groves of Northland, podocarp forests of central North Island, and beech forests of the south. Described from preserved specimens collected in the late 19th century, notably from forests of the Coromandel and Nelson region. Last reliably recorded in the 1890s.
Endemism
Endemic
Main Threats
Forest clearance was the primary threat. Also threatened by predation from rats and other introduced mammals, and the loss of rotting logs and deep leaf litter it needed to survive. Last reliably recorded in the 1890s. A few pinned specimens remain – their long legs curled, their eyes still watching, their forest gone.
Population
A true giant among New Zealand spiders. Estimated leg span 12–15 centimetres – roughly the size of a human palm (the largest living New Zealand huntsman reaches 8–10 centimetres). Body length 3–4 centimetres. Weight perhaps 5–10 grams – a spider as heavy as a small mouse. Last reliably recorded in the 1890s, gone by the 1920s.
Conservation Status
Extinct
A huntsman – a flat-bodied, long-legged, lightning-fast predator that did not build a web. It hunted on foot, running down its prey like a tiny eight-legged cheetah. It was not aggressive to humans – no huntsman is – but it was large. Very large. A leg span the size of your palm. A body as heavy as a mouse. A spider that could cover ground in a blur of brown and black, disappearing into a crevice before you could scream. That was the giant huntsman of New Zealand, and it is gone. Hunting style made it special. Huntsman spiders are ambush predators and active hunters. They do not wait for prey to come to them – they go out and find it. They run. Fast. They chase down cockroaches, crickets, wētā, and other spiders, tackling them with their front legs and delivering a venomous bite. They are the wolves of the spider world, not the web-weaving trappers. The giant huntsman would have been the apex arthropod predator of the forest floor – capable of taking large wētā, adult beetles, even small skinks if it caught them sleeping. Its venom was potent enough to immobilise prey many times its own weight. It hid during the day – under bark, inside rotting logs, between the buttress roots of ancient trees. Its flat body allowed it to squeeze into cracks that seemed impossibly narrow. At night, it emerged to hunt, running across the leaf litter, climbing tree trunks, exploring every crevice. It was a solitary creature, meeting others only to mate. Females laid eggs in a silken sac, hidden in a protected crevice. They guarded the sac fiercely – a huntsman mother with her eggs is a formidable opponent. The spiderlings hatched, dispersed, and took years to reach full size. A slow life cycle, vulnerable to disturbance. Deforestation and introduced predators destroyed it. When Europeans cleared native forest for pasture, they destroyed the giant spider's habitat. No rotting logs, no loose bark, no deep leaf litter – no places to hide, no places to hunt. The forest floor became grass and dirt, open and exposed. At the same time, rats arrived. Ship rats and kiore – both are voracious predators of invertebrates. A large, ground-dwelling spider that hunts at night is a perfect rat meal. Rats hunt by smell, by touch, by memory. They found the spiders in their crevices, under their logs, in their leaf litter. They ate them. The smaller huntsman spiders survived. They can hide in smaller crevices, live in younger forests, adapt to gardens and scrub. But the giant is extinct. A few pinned specimens in a museum drawer – their legs carefully arranged, their eyes still gleaming – are all that remain. The web phantom is a ghost because it was always phantom-like – seen only at night, a flicker of long legs disappearing into the dark. Now there is nothing to see. The forests are still there – some of them – but they are quieter, emptier, spider-less. We cut its forests. We brought its predators. Then we wondered why the phantom stopped stalking.