pink sea star of shallow sandy reef edges

Size
Length: 10–15 cm
Lifespan
5–10 years
Diet
Carnivorous. Feeds on sponges and small invertebrates. A slow-moving predator that feeds on encrusting organisms on rocky reefs. Uses tube feet to pull food towards mouth efficiently.
Habitat
Rocky reefs, kelp forests, and harbours from low tide mark down to 50 metres depth. Often found under rocks and in crevices. Prefers areas with complex rocky structure and abundant sponge growth.
Range
Found in coastal waters of North and South Islands from Northland to Otago. Most common in rocky reefs and harbours throughout New Zealand. Endemic to New Zealand waters.
Endemism
Endemic
Main Threats
No significant conservation threats. Climate change affecting marine habitats. Ocean acidification may impact larval development and survival of sponge populations, which are primary food source.
Population
Populations considered stable and widespread. Species is common in rocky reefs throughout New Zealand. No formal conservation assessment exists. Velvety texture and pink colour make it distinctive among sea stars.
Conservation Status
Not Threatened
Pink to orange with a velvety texture, this sea star is one of the most common residents of New Zealand's rocky reefs. The colour is soft. Almost pastel. The surface is smooth to the touch. It is not a flashy star. But it is a familiar one. Visibility is low. Presence is high. The reef provides the background. The star provides the contrast. Under rocks and in crevices, it hides during the day. The pink sea star is a slow-moving predator. It is vulnerable to large fish and octopus. So it hides. It wedges itself into gaps where predators cannot reach. At night, it emerges to feed. Stillness is safety. Motion is risk. The cycle is tidal. The response is instinctive. Survival depends on concealment. Rocky reefs throughout New Zealand provide its habitat. The pink sea star lives from the low tide mark down to fifty metres depth. It occurs on reefs, in kelp forests, and in harbours. It is found from Northland to Otago. From the warm northern waters to the cool southern currents. It is one of the most widespread sea stars in the country. Distribution is broad. Adaptation is general. Tolerance is high. Sponges are its preferred prey. The pink sea star feeds on encrusting sponges and other small invertebrates. It uses its tube feet to pull food towards its mouth. It moves slowly across the reef. It grazes on the sponge-covered rocks. Where the pink sea star is abundant, the sponge cover is kept in check. Consumption is gentle. Impact is local. The rock stays clean. The sponge grows back. Balance is maintained. The velvety texture comes from tiny spines embedded in the skin. The spines are short and blunt. They give the surface a soft, velvety feel. They are not sharp enough to deter predators. But they may provide some protection. The pink sea star relies on camouflage and hiding. Not armour. Defence is passive. Survival is active. The texture aids concealment. The behaviour ensures survival. Reproduction occurs in spring and summer. The pink sea star releases eggs and sperm into the water. Fertilisation occurs there. The larvae drift in the plankton for several weeks. They settle to the bottom. They are tiny at first. Barely visible. But they grow quickly in the food-rich waters of the reef. Growth is rapid. Survival is chance. The next generation arrives. The cycle continues. Climate change may affect it indirectly. Ocean acidification makes it harder for sponges to build their skeletons. If the sponge populations decline, the pink sea star may decline with them. For now, it remains common on rocky reefs. A pink, velvety presence in the crevices and under the rocks. Resilience is tested. Limits are unknown. The future is uncertain. The present is stable. No one told it otherwise. It carries on. The rock stays cold. The water stays dark. The arm extends. The cycle repeats. It is a quiet victory. No fanfare accompanies it. No celebration marks it. The sea star simply exists. It continues its work. It maintains its watch. And that seems to be enough.