prawn that preys on other crustaceans in the deep

Size
Length: 15–25 cm, Weight: 200–500 g
Lifespan
8–12 years
Diet
Small crustaceans, worms and molluscs. Uses its flattened body to dig into soft sediment. Hunts small prey on and just below the seafloor. Feeds most actively at night. A slow-moving predator that relies on camouflage rather than speed.
Habitat
Deep continental slopes and seamounts between 50 and 300 metres depth. Prefers sandy and muddy bottoms with stable temperatures. Often found in aggregations near the seafloor. Burrows into sediment during the day, emerging at night to hunt.
Range
Deep waters around New Zealand from Northland to the Campbell Plateau. Most common on the Chatham Rise and off the east coast of the South Island. Also found in Australia and the Southwest Pacific.
Endemism
Native
Main Threats
Bycatch in bottom trawl fisheries is the primary threat. Habitat damage from bottom trawling on soft sediments. No targeted commercial fishery for this species in New Zealand. Climate change affecting deep-sea ecosystems and prey distribution.
Population
Population trends are poorly understood due to the species' deep-water habitat. The prawn killer is not targeted commercially in New Zealand. It is caught occasionally as bycatch in trawl fisheries for flatfish and other bottom-dwelling species. Its flattened body and strong claws make it distinctive among deep-sea crustaceans. No formal stock assessment exists for this species.
Conservation Status
Not Threatened
The name sounds fierce. Prawn killer. It suggests a predator of terrifying efficiency. The reality is less dramatic. The prawn killer is named for its diet, which includes small prawns and other crustaceans. Despite its fierce name, it is a slow-moving, unassuming animal that spends most of its time buried in the sand. A killer that waits. A killer that does not chase. Its flattened body is perfectly adapted for life on the seafloor, allowing it to dig quickly into soft sediment. A few flicks of the tail and it disappears beneath the surface, invisible to predators and prey alike. The sand is its fortress. The sand is its hunting ground. Like all slipper lobsters, it lacks the large claws of true lobsters and crabs. No crushers. No cutters. Instead, it uses its flattened antennae to dig and its strong legs to crush shells. A different toolkit for a different lifestyle. Not better. Not worse. Just different. It is rarely seen by humans because it lives in deep water. Fifty to two hundred metres down, where the light fades and the pressure builds. The prawn killer goes about its business down there, unseen, unphotographed, unremarked. The Maori name is not recorded. It lives too deep for traditional fishing. The people who came before never saw it. A modern discovery, a deep-sea oddity, a crustacean with a misleading name. Not targeted by commercial fisheries. Too deep. Too weird. Too much trouble. It turns up occasionally as bycatch in deep-sea trawls, an accidental visitor to the deck. Populations are poorly understood. That phrase appears again. The deep sea is vast and expensive to study. The prawn killer lives there, buried in the sand, crushing shells, being left alone. That is the prawn killer. A fierce name for a slow, buried, unassuming animal. A reminder that names do not always tell the truth.