breeds on the antipodes island slopes
- Size
- Length: 32-36 cm, Weight: 250-350 g
- Lifespan
- 15-20 years
- Diet
- Carnivorous. Feeds on squid and small fish. Forages at night by surface-seizing. Often feeds in association with tuna and other predatory fish driving prey upwards.
- Habitat
- Open subantarctic and temperate oceans. Breeds on remote islands in burrows dug into soft soil on steep well-drained slopes under tussock grass.
- Range
- Circumpolar in subantarctic and temperate southern oceans. Breeds on Antipodes Islands Macquarie Island and islands in South Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
- Endemism
- Visitor
- Main Threats
- Introduced predators on breeding islands including rats and mice that eat eggs and chicks. Light pollution disorienting fledglings. Climate change affecting prey.
- Population
- Global population estimated at 5-10 million birds. In New Zealand breeds on Antipodes Islands and Macquarie Island with small numbers elsewhere.
- Conservation Status
- data_deficient
- Human Risk
- harmless
- Handling Note
- seabird, do not approach or disturb on nesting grounds
- Conservation Note
- Rare vagrant seabird; not assessed for conservation status in New Zealand.
- Te Ao Māori
- The soft-plumaged petrel has no recognised Māori name. Its breeding range is confined to subantarctic islands. Petrels were known to Māori as birds of Tangaroa god of the sea. The soft-plumaged petrel with its remote breeding islands represents the wild unclaimed spaces of the southern ocean. The connection is general. It applies to the group. The specific bird remains distant. The association is spiritual. It persists.
A medium-sized gadfly petrel with a soft silky appearance. It looks like it was sewn from velvet. The soft-plumaged petrel is grey above and white below. A dark cap sits on the head. A dark M pattern crosses the upperwings. The breast is light grey. This gives it a hooded look. The plumage is loose and fluffy. It looks soft. The name fits. The texture is distinct. The visual impression is accurate.
Feeding involves squid and small fish. The bird plucks them from the surface at night. During the day it rests on the water. It conserves energy. It flies with its bill open. It filters small crustaceans. The method is efficient. The timing is specific. The darkness provides cover. The prey is accessible.
Flight is erratic and gadfly-like. Steep banks alternate with sudden changes of direction. A soft-plumaged petrel in a storm is a master of chaos. The wind does not defeat it. The bird uses the turbulence. It rides the gusts. The movement is unpredictable. The control is absolute. The mastery is real.
Breeding takes place on remote subantarctic islands. The burrow is dug into soft soil on a steep slope. It is often under tussock grass. A single white egg is laid. Both parents share incubation duties. The chick is fed on regurgitated squid oil. It fledges at about three months. The growth is steady. The departure is timed. The cycle is complete.
In New Zealand these birds breed on the Antipodes Islands. The population is modest. A few thousand pairs exist. They nest on steep slopes. They return only after dark. The secrecy is maintained. The location is remote. The access is difficult. The isolation is preferred.
This species is widespread in the Southern Ocean. It breeds on islands from the South Atlantic to the South Pacific. It is common but little known. It lives far from people. The distance ensures obscurity. The range is vast. The presence is diffuse. The knowledge is limited.
The main threat is introduced predators. Rats and mice have wiped out populations on some islands. The Antipodes are predator-free. The birds are safe there. The absence of mammals is critical. The protection is real. The security is fragile. The risk remains external.
The call is a low moaning croak. It is heard only at night. On the Antipodes with the wind off the sea and the petrels calling from the hillsides the sound is haunting. The noise carries. The atmosphere is heavy. The presence is felt. The auditory landscape is defined by this voice.
The soft-plumaged petrel is named for its plumage. The feathers are loose. The texture is soft. It is not a flashy bird. The appearance is subtle. The identity is quiet. It does not seek attention. It relies on concealment. The strategy works. It carries on.