breeds on subantarctic island soils

Size
Length: 18-20 cm, Weight: 35-45 g
Lifespan
10-15 years
Diet
Carnivorous. Feeds on small crustaceans, fish, and squid. Forages by pattering on water surface. Often follows ships and whales to scavenge scraps.
Habitat
Open subantarctic and temperate oceans. Breeds on remote islands in burrows dug into soft soil or under rocks. Rarely approaches land except to breed.
Range
Circumpolar in subantarctic and temperate southern oceans. Breeds on Antipodes, Auckland, Campbell, Chatham, and other subantarctic islands. Also around South Island coasts.
Endemism
Visitor
Main Threats
Introduced predators on breeding islands including rats and mice. Light pollution disorienting fledglings near coastal towns. Climate change affecting prey distribution.
Population
Global population estimated at 500,000-1,000,000 birds. New Zealand breeding population concentrated on subantarctic islands and around South Island coast.
Conservation Status
data_deficient
Human Risk
harmless
Handling Note
seabird, do not approach or disturb on nesting grounds
Conservation Note
Rare vagrant seabird; not assessed for conservation status in New Zealand.
Te Ao Māori
The grey-backed storm petrel has no recognised Māori name. Its breeding range is largely confined to subantarctic islands. Storm petrels collectively were known to Māori as takahikare. This means "dancing feet". It references their pattering walk across the water's surface. These birds were seen as messengers of Tangaroa, god of the sea. The connection is spiritual. It remains distant. The association is general. It applies to the group.
A small, dark storm petrel that looks like it has been dipped in soot and left to dry. The grey-backed storm petrel is black above with a pale grey back. This stripe gives the bird its name. The underparts are dark. The face is dark. It is dark almost everywhere, except for that grey line running down the spine. The contrast is subtle. It is enough. The tail is square. The legs dangle in flight. The feet paddle the air like a bird that forgot to retract the landing gear. This is not a design flaw. The feet are sensitive to vibrations on the water's surface. They help locate prey in the dark. The mechanism is precise. It works in low light. The sensitivity is high. Feeding involves small crustaceans and fish. The bird patters across the surface with feet tapping the water. A storm petrel in feeding mode looks like it is walking on water. It is a neat trick. It is entirely practical. The motion is efficient. The energy cost is low. The catch is secured. Flight is fluttery and bat-like. Rapid wingbeats alternate with sudden banks. A grey-backed storm petrel in a stiff breeze is hard to follow. It twists. It turns. It disappears behind a wave. It reappears somewhere else. The movement is erratic. The tracking is difficult. The bird uses the wind. It does not fight it. Breeding takes place on remote islands. The burrow is dug into soft soil on a steep slope or under a rock. A single white egg is laid. Both parents share incubation duties. The chick is fed on regurgitated crustacean oil. It grows. It fledges. It is gone. The cycle is quick. The departure is abrupt. The silence returns. The colonies are nocturnal. The birds return after dark. They call to each other. The sound is a low, purring moan, repeated at intervals. On a dark night on the Antipodes, a storm petrel colony sounds like a crowd of ghosts. The atmosphere is eerie. The noise is pervasive. The presence is felt. In New Zealand, this species breeds on the Antipodes, Aucklands, Campbell, and Chatham Islands. It also breeds around the South Island coast on small offshore islets. It is a bird of the southern edge. The location is remote. The access is limited. The isolation is total. This is one of the least known of New Zealand's seabirds. It is small. It is dark. It lives far from people. It comes to land only at night. It keeps its secrets. The obscurity is chosen. The distance is maintained. The mystery persists. The genus name Garrodia honours Alfred Garrod, a nineteenth-century zoologist. The bird has no opinion on this. The tribute is human. The indifference is avian. The name remains. The call is a soft, twittering sound. It is heard only at night. You will not hear it unless you go to the places where it breeds. Few people do. The effort is significant. The reward is auditory. The experience is rare. It carries on.