flies non stop from alaska here

Size
Length: 35-41 cm, Weight: 250-450 g
Lifespan
15-20 years
Diet
Carnivorous - probes mud for marine worms, bivalves, crustaceans, and snails. Also takes insects and berries on breeding grounds. Feeds day and night on tidal flats using sensitive bill tip.
Habitat
Mudflats, estuaries, sandy shores, and saltmarshes during non-breeding season. Breeds in open Arctic tundra near lakes and wet meadows. Requires undisturbed feeding grounds with soft sediment.
Range
Breeds across Arctic Eurasia and Alaska. Winters in Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. The baueri subspecies flies directly from Alaska to New Zealand.
Endemism
Migratory Native
Main Threats
Climate change affecting Arctic breeding grounds. Reclamation of Yellow Sea mudflats, a critical refuelling stopover. Sea level rise inundating coastal feeding habitats in winter range.
Population
Global population estimated at 1.1 million birds. The New Zealand population of the baueri subspecies is approximately 80,000-100,000 individuals, with stable trends despite habitat pressures.
Conservation Status
data_deficient
Human Risk
harmless
Handling Note
migratory wader, do not approach or disturb on feeding grounds
Conservation Note
Migratory shorebird; data insufficient for full threat classification in New Zealand context.
Te Ao Māori
Kuaka is the traditional Māori name for the bar-tailed godwit. It is one of the most significant migratory birds in Māori culture. The arrival of kuaka in spring signalled the beginning of the harvesting season. It marked the return of abundance to the coasts. Their departure in autumn marked the turning of the year. Stories tell of kuaka guiding early voyagers across the Pacific. Their calls were read as omens. This connection is deep. It is historical. The bird represents timing. It represents movement. This view persists. The bird remains a symbol of seasonal change.
The bar-tailed godwit holds the world record for the longest non-stop flight of any bird. It seems entirely unmoved by the achievement. Ten thousand kilometres from Alaska to New Zealand. Eight days. No food. No water. No rest. Just wings and wind and an internal map drawn in a language no human has fully translated. The feat is biological. It is also extreme. The bird that lands on the mudflats of the Firth of Thames in spring is hollow. Its flight muscles have been consumed for fuel. Its organs have shrunk. Its gut has shut down. It weighs half of what it did at departure. The first thing it does is eat. The second thing it does is eat again. By the time summer arrives, it has rebuilt itself. It becomes something capable of making the return trip. The recovery is rapid. It is necessary. The godwit is not a flashy bird. It is large for a wader. It has long legs and a slightly upturned bill. The bill sweeps through the mud like a metal detector. The plumage is mottled brown and grey. It is perfect camouflage for a bird that wants nothing more than to be left alone to feed. During breeding season, the male turns a deep brick red on the underparts. This is a rare concession to vanity. The colour signals status. It signals readiness. Feeding is a tactile affair. The bill is packed with nerve endings. It is sensitive enough to distinguish a worm from a root in complete darkness. The godwit probes deep. It sews the mud. It swallows everything edible it finds. A single bird can consume thousands of invertebrates in a day. That is not greed. That is fuel loading. The energy requirement is high. The intake must match it. The migration from New Zealand to Alaska in March is even more impressive than the autumn journey. The godwit flies into a headwind. It crosses the entire Pacific Ocean. It lands on the Yellow Sea mudflats. It refuels briefly. Then it continues to the Arctic. The whole thing takes about a week. No other bird matches this. The endurance is unmatched. The navigation is precise. In Māori tradition, the kuaka announces the arrival of spring. Its flocks darken the sky. They call as they pass overhead. The godwit does not announce anything. It just arrives. It is exhausted. It is hungry. It is already planning the next departure. The cycle is rigid. It allows no deviation. The bird follows the rhythm. It carries on.