wanders in from the south atlantic

Size
Length: 70-80 cm, Weight: 2.2-2.7 kg
Lifespan
30-40 years
Diet
Carnivorous. Feeds on fish, squid, crustaceans, and carrion. Follows fishing vessels for offal and discards. Also scavenges at seal and whale carcasses.
Habitat
Open subantarctic and temperate oceans. Breeds on rocky cliffs and steep slopes of remote islands, requiring exposed ridges with good take-off clearance.
Range
Breeds only on Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island in the South Atlantic. Ranges across the South Atlantic from Brazil to South Africa. Rare vagrant elsewhere.
Endemism
Visitor
Main Threats
Incidental bycatch in longline and trawl fisheries. Historically harvested for feathers and eggs. Climate change altering prey distribution around breeding islands.
Population
Global population estimated at 30,000-40,000 breeding pairs. Declining on the only breeding island, Tristan da Cunha, due to interactions with fisheries.
Conservation Status
data_deficient
Human Risk
harmless
Handling Note
seabird, do not approach or disturb on nesting grounds
Conservation Note
Rare vagrant albatross; not assessed for conservation status in New Zealand.
Te Ao Māori
No recognised Māori name exists for this species. Its breeding range lies entirely in the South Atlantic. It is far from New Zealand. The mollymawk family, however, holds deep significance in Māori tradition. Toroa are the great albatrosses. They are chiefly birds. Their feathers were worn as symbols of rank. Their long-ranging flights were seen as journeys between the mortal world and the spirit realm. The connection is spiritual. It links the people to the sea. The Atlantic species is an outlier. It does not share the local lore. It remains a distant cousin. The respect for the family persists. The specific bird is absent.
An albatross stayed in the Atlantic. It never got the memo about moving to the Southern Ocean like everyone else. It looks the part anyway. A grey head sits above a dark grey back. White underparts complete the look. A distinctive yellow stripe runs along the top of the bill. The whole package says albatross. The address says Tristan da Cunha. The location is remote. The isolation is total. The bill is a quiet marvel. Two bright yellow lines meet at the tip. This gives the bird a slightly furrowed expression. It looks as if it is working through a difficult calculation. The rest of the head fades to soft grey. The eye is dark and focused. It is not a bird that misses much. It sees what it needs to see. It ignores the rest. It spends most of its life on the wing. It covers the South Atlantic from Brazil to South Africa. The wings are long and narrow. They lock in place for hours at a time. A mollymawk does not flap. It leans into the wind. It lets physics handle the rest. This is not flying. This is applied aerodynamics. The bird has been doing it longer than humans have understood the principles. The efficiency is absolute. The effort is minimal. Feeding happens at the surface or just below it. Fish, squid, and crustaceans make up the diet. It follows fishing vessels the way other birds follow ploughs. A longline set astern means an easy meal. This is provided you do not get hooked yourself. Not all of them manage that part. The risk is inherent. The reward is high. Breeding takes it back to the same rocky ledge every year. A single egg is laid. Incubation is long. Both parents take turns. They fly thousands of kilometres to bring back squid for the chick. The nest is a mud and vegetation pedestal. It is built up over years of use. It looks like something a messy potter abandoned. It works. The structure holds. The chick grows slowly. Two hundred days or more pass before it fledges. That is a long time to sit on a windy cliff. It waits for food to arrive from the other side of an ocean. It matures even more slowly. Five to ten years pass before it returns to breed. Albatrosses do not rush anything. They take their time. Bycatch remains the main problem. Longline hooks set near the surface catch mollymawks as easily as tuna. The bird sees bait. It grabs it. It drowns. Tens of thousands die that way each year. The Atlantic yellow-nosed mollymawk keeps declining. Slowly. Quietly. It is the sort of decline that goes unnoticed until it is too late. The numbers drop. The silence grows. It carries on.